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- Pure cotton and pure cotton
- Cotton classification
- Identification of cotton fabrics
- Advantages and disadvantages of pure cotton
- Types of clothing suitable for pure cotton fabrics
- Application and comparison of pure cotton and polyester in sportswear and other fabrics
- Proper washing and maintenance of pure cotton clothes
- Expansion: Pure cotton fabric classification
- Expand: The differences between cotton, pure cotton, combed cotton and knitted cotton
- Expansion: artificial cotton fabrics and pure cotton
- Pure cotton and pure cotton
Cotton is made of cotton as raw material, which is intertwined vertically and horizontally through looms. Clothes or supplies with a cotton content of 95%-100% are pure cotton. Don’t think that pure cotton is pure cotton. They are still different. place.
Pure cotton is called pure cotton as long as it contains more than 75% cotton. Therefore, pure cotton and 100% cotton are the same in terms of cotton content. The difference is that they are different in some terms. Cotton simply refers to 100% fabric. Cotton, but full cotton means that all the fabrics of the entire dress are 100% cotton. There are also differences in processing. Pure cotton fabrics are easy to wrinkle, but full cotton fabrics are not easy to wrinkle due to different processing.
The difference between 100% cotton and pure cotton is whether there are other fibers blended with cotton. 100% cotton emphasizes that the textile only contains 100% cotton and no other fibers, while pure cotton may add a small amount of other fibers. While there may be subtle differences in performance between the two—for example, all-cotton may be softer, breathable, and more comfortable—these differences are usually not noticeable for everyday wear.
- Classification of cotton
1) Natural white cloth: ordinary cloth, fine cloth, coarse cloth, canvas, twill gray cloth, original color cloth.
2) Colored cloth: There are vulcanized blue cloth, vulcanized ink cloth, Shilin blue cloth, Shilin gray cloth, colored poplin, various colors of khaki, and various colors of Chinese cloth.
3) Printed cloth: It is cloth printed and dyed with various colors and patterns. Such as: plain printed fabric, printed twill, printed serge, printed Zhigong.
4) Yarn-dyed fabric: It is made by dyeing yarn or thread first, and then weaving it on a machine, such as checked cloth, sheet cloth, flannel, thread, decorative cloth, etc. - Identification of cotton fabrics
1) Look at the label. The washing label of cotton fabric is marked as: 100% cotton.
2) Look at the hand feel. The cloth surface has a soft luster, soft hand feel, poor elasticity and is easy to wrinkle. If you pinch the fabric tightly with your hands and then loosen it, you will see obvious wrinkles, and the folds are not easy to return to their original shape.
3) Burn with fire, burn quickly, the flame will be orange and there will be blue smoke. Leave the flame and keep burning. Burnt paper smells less and has less ash, which is linear in shape. The ash is soft, light gray, and easily turns into powder when touched.
4) Dimensions before washing – Dimensions after washing Attached is the calculation method: Shrinkage = × 100% Dimensions before washing Usually the shrinkage range of knitted clothing is + 5% Mildew —– in a humid state.
4.1 Advantages of pure cotton fabrics:
1) The texture of cotton is soft, so clothing made of pure cotton fabrics will be more comfortable to wear. The moisture content of cotton is close to the skin, and it will not feel stiff when in contact with the skin.
2) The thermal conductivity of cotton fiber is very low and the fiber porous elasticity is high, so pure cotton fabrics have good warmth retention properties. Most winter clothing uses pure cotton fabrics.
3) Cotton fiber has good alkali resistance, which is very beneficial to the dyeing, production, processing and washing of clothing.
4) A major feature of natural fiber is that it does not irritate the skin and therefore does not cause harm to the human body.
5) Hygroscopicity: Cotton fiber has good hygroscopicity. Under normal circumstances, the fiber can absorb moisture from the surrounding atmosphere. Its moisture content is 8-10%, so it touches human skin and makes people feel soft. Rather than being blunt. If the humidity of cotton cloth increases and the ambient temperature is high, all the water content in the fibers will evaporate and dissipate, keeping the fabric in a water balance state and making people feel comfortable.
6) Because cotton fiber is a poor conductor of heat and electricity, the thermal conductivity coefficient is extremely low, and because cotton fiber itself is porous and highly elastic, a lot of air can accumulate between the fibers, and air is a poor conductor of heat and electricity, so , pure cotton fiber textiles have excellent moisture retention, and wearing pure cotton fabric clothing makes people feel warm.
7) Heat resistance: Pure cotton fabrics have excellent heat resistance. When the temperature is below 110°C, it will only cause the water on the fabric to evaporate and will not damage the fibers. Therefore, pure cotton fabrics are not harmful to the fabrics at normal temperatures, such as wearing, washing, printing and dyeing. There is no impact, thus improving the washability and wearability of pure cotton fabrics.
8) Alkali resistance: Cotton fiber has greater resistance to alkali. In an alkali solution, cotton fiber will not be damaged. This function is conducive to cleaning, disinfecting and removing impurities after consumption. It can also be used to clean pure cotton. Textiles are continuously dyed, printed and processed with various techniques to produce more new varieties of cotton fabrics.
9) Cleaning: Cotton fiber is a natural fiber, its main component is cellulose, and there are also a small amount of waxy substances, nitrogen-containing substances and pectin. Pure cotton fabric has been tested and practiced in many aspects. It has no impact on the contact between the fabric and the skin and has no negative effects. It is beneficial to the human body when worn for a long time and has excellent cleaning performance. The disadvantage of cotton is that it is prone to lint. A new type of high-count and high-density cotton on the market eliminates these worries.
4.2 Disadvantages of pure cotton fabrics:
1) Clothing is prone to wrinkles and has poor recovery properties.
2) Shrinkage is a major defect of pure cotton fabrics. Clothes will basically shrink after being washed many times. Specially processed pure cotton fabrics can achieve non-shrinkage results.
3) Pure cotton clothes are easy to deform. For example, short sleeves will be stretched, which will greatly shorten the life of the clothes.
4) Clothes are prone to lint and are difficult to clean. If it is difficult to clean, it is recommended to use tape to remove it.
5) Although it is resistant to alkali, it is not resistant to acid. Avoid contact with acidic substances such as vinegar, which may easily corrode clothes.
- Types of clothing suitable for pure cotton fabrics
1) Daily casual wear: Pure cotton fabric has good breathability, strong moisture absorption, and is comfortable to wear. It is very suitable for making daily casual wear, such as T-shirts, jeans, shirts, shorts, etc.
2) Pajamas and home clothes: Because pure cotton fabrics are soft and skin-friendly and will not cause irritation to the skin, they are often used to make close-fitting clothing such as pajamas, underwear and home clothes.
3) Sportswear: A lot of perspiration is required during exercise. The hygroscopicity and breathability of pure cotton fabric help keep the body dry, so it is suitable for making sportswear, sports pants, etc.
4) Children’s clothing and baby clothing: Pure cotton fabric is very friendly to the delicate skin of babies and children and will not cause allergies or irritation, so it is the preferred fabric for children’s clothing and baby clothing.
5) Summer clothing: In hot summer, pure cotton fabric can help regulate body temperature and reduce sweat secretion, so it is suitable for making summer clothing, such as short-sleeved shirts, skirts, etc.
It should be noted that although pure cotton fabrics have many advantages, they also have certain disadvantages, such as easy wrinkles and shrinkage. Therefore, when choosing pure cotton fabrics to make clothing, you need to consider based on specific needs and uses, and take appropriate measures during the production process to avoid these problems.
In addition, with the development of technology, there are now many specially treated pure cotton fabrics on the market, such as blended cotton, elastic cotton, etc. While retaining the advantages of pure cotton, these fabrics also have some new characteristics, such as Better elasticity, wear resistance, etc. can be selected according to specific needs.
- Application and comparison of pure cotton and polyester in sportswear and other fabrics
Sportswear is generally made of polyester fabrics.
The most common sports suit fabric mixed with cotton is polyester. Polyester has many excellent textile properties and wear properties. It is blended with natural fibers such as cotton, wool, silk, and linen and other chemical fibers to make a variety of colors and strong Wool-like, cotton-like, silk-like and linen-like fabrics with good washability and wearability, which are crisp, easy to wash and dry.
Because you need to sweat a lot during exercise, wearing pure cotton clothes is indeed very sweat-absorbent, but the sweat is absorbed on the clothes, and when the clothes become wet, it is difficult to evaporate. Many sports fabrics, such as ADIDAS’ CLIMAFIT, NIKE’s DRIFIT and Li Ning’s ATDRY, are all 100% polyester. Such fabrics can quickly evaporate the sweat after you sweat, so you won’t feel it. The heaviness of any clothing will not stick to the body.
Sportswear fabric selection
1) Pure cotton fabric: Pure cotton sportswear has the advantages of sweat absorption, breathability, and skin-friendliness. However, the shortcomings of pure cotton fabric are also obvious. It is easy to shrink, deform, and wrinkle. When you sweat a little during exercise, the cotton fiber will It absorbs moisture and swells, and its resistance decreases and sticks to the skin. At the same time, the moisture dissipation speed is also slow, thus causing a cold and wet feeling to the human body and a very bad body feeling. Suitable for low-intensity exercise, such as leisure walking, family fitness, etc.
2) Water-absorbent and quick-drying polyester fabric: The fabric of this type of clothing requires not only good comfort, but also requires that the clothing will not stick to the skin and produce a cold and wet feeling once sweating occurs during active activities. Therefore, new requirements for moisture absorption and perspiration function are put forward for the fibers of fabrics. The outstanding representative of this type of fabric is the Coolmax fiber knitted fabric. The Coolmax fiber with four grooves can quickly discharge sweat generated during human body activities to the surface of the clothing for evaporation, keeping the skin fresh and making activities more comfortable. It has good moisture conductivity, and the knitted fabric interwoven with cotton fiber has good moisture conductivity, and is widely used to sew T-shirts, sportswear, etc.
3) Cold-feeling fabric: It uses a unique process to make the fabric quickly diffuse body heat, accelerate sweat dispersion and lower body temperature, and keep the fabric cool and comfortable for a long time. This is a new innovation in sportswear and outdoor leisure clothing fabrics. Cold-feeling fabrics will provide people with comfortable, environmentally friendly and icy-feeling quality of life. Cool fabrics regulate temperature by absorbing heat, and the cooling factor gives the skin a cool and comfortable feeling. Cold-feeling fabrics are divided into: polyester cold-feeling fabrics and nylon cold-feeling fabrics.
4) Bamboo charcoal fiber fabric: Bamboo charcoal fabric has good hygroscopicity, antibacterial and deodorizing properties, and has the functions of anti-static and anti-electromagnetic radiation.
5) Nylon: The lightness, softness, wear resistance, tear resistance and durability of nylon make it suitable for sports that require a larger range of motion and flexibility, such as yoga, fitness, etc.
Warm in winter and cool in summer, it has excellent anti-pilling and anti-pilling effects and is easy to care for. Blended yarns of bamboo charcoal fiber, PTT, polyester, etc. have been developed, which can be widely used in sports and leisure wear and functional clothing.
6) PU is leather, which is generally not suitable for sports because of its poor breathability.
Extended information:
Advantages of polyester:
1) High strength. The strength of short fiber is 2.6~5.7cN/dtex, and the strength of high-strength fiber is 5.6~8.0cN/dtex. Due to its low hygroscopicity, its wet strength is basically the same as its dry strength. The impact resistance is 4 times higher than nylon and 20 times higher than viscose fiber.
2) Good elasticity. The elasticity is close to that of wool. When stretched by 5% to 6%, it can almost completely recover. The wrinkle resistance is better than other fibers, that is, the fabric does not wrinkle and has good dimensional stability. The elastic modulus is 22~141cN/dtex, which is 2~3 times higher than nylon. .Polyester fabric has high strength and elastic recovery ability, so it is durable, wrinkle-resistant and does not need to be ironed.
3) Heat-resistant polyester is made by melt spinning. The formed fiber can be heated and melted again, which is a thermoplastic fiber. The melting point of polyester is relatively high, but the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity are small, so the heat resistance and insulation of polyester fiber are higher. It is the best among synthetic fibers.
4) Good thermoplasticity but poor melt resistance. Due to the smooth surface of polyester and the tight arrangement of internal molecules, polyester is the most heat-resistant fabric among synthetic fabrics. It is thermoplastic and can be made into pleated skirts with long-lasting pleats. At the same time, polyester fabric has poor melt resistance and can easily form holes when exposed to soot, sparks, etc. Therefore, you should try to avoid contact with cigarette butts, sparks, etc. when wearing it.
5) Good wear resistance. The wear resistance is second only to nylon, which has the best wear resistance, and is better than other natural fibers and synthetic fibers.
In general, polyester and nylon are more suitable for sports. The following are the characteristics and applicable scenarios of each material:
1) Polyester: Polyester has good abrasion resistance and tensile strength, can quickly absorb moisture and dry quickly, and is not easy to fade. It is suitable for sports that require high intensity and durability, such as running, basketball, etc.
2) Nylon: The lightness, softness, wear resistance, tear resistance and durability of nylon make it suitable for sports that require a larger range of motion and flexibility, such as yoga, fitness, etc.
3) PU: PU is leather, which is usually not suitable for sports because of its poor breathability.
4) Cotton: Cotton material has good breathability and moisture absorption, and is suitable for low-intensity sports, such as leisure walking, home fitness, etc.
5) Sports fabrics: High-tech materials designed for sports, usually contain various fibers and processes, have a variety of excellent functions, and are suitable for high-intensity and long-term sports, such as long-distance running, mountaineering, etc.
To sum up, polyester and nylon are more suitable for sports, while cotton is more suitable for low-intensity sports. Choosing appropriate exercise materials requires consideration of factors such as type, intensity and duration of exercise.
- Correct washing and maintenance of pure cotton clothes:
1) Do not use hot water for washing. The water temperature should be controlled below 35°C. It cannot be soaked in detergent for a long time, ironed at a temperature higher than 120°C, exposed to the sun, or dried. Proper washing and drying should be done in a cool place and laid flat or on a stick-type drying rack. It is best to wash by hand.
2) Cotton fabric has strong alkali resistance, not acid resistance, and good high temperature resistance. It can be used with various detergents, but try not to use washing powder. It is best to use transparent soap or soap powder or soap paste. First use warm water to dissolve the detergent, then soak the clothes after it cools down. Not suitable for chlorine bleaching;
3) Before washing, colored clothes can be soaked in water for a few minutes, but not for too long to avoid color damage;
4) White clothes can be washed at high temperature with a strong alkaline detergent to have a bleaching effect;
5) Underwear should not be soaked in hot water to avoid the protein in sweat stains coagulating and adhering to the clothing, resulting in yellow spots;
6) It is best not to machine wash knitwear;
7) Cotton clothing of different colors should be washed separately;
8) Do not scrub with a washboard or brush;
9) When rinsing, you can master the method of “a small amount and many times”, that is, you don’t necessarily need to use a lot of water for each rinse; but you need to wash it several times. After each rinse, it should be wrung out and rinsed a second time to improve washing efficiency;
10) It is advisable to dry in the shade. Clothes should be kept in a ventilated and cool place. Avoid exposure to strong sunlight to prevent colored fabrics from fading. Dry them with the inside out;
11) Pay attention to ventilation and avoid moisture to avoid mold;
12) Do not soak underwear in hot water to avoid yellow sweat spots;
13) It is best not to machine wash knitted products, do not wring them out, and do not pull knitted products in the weft direction. - Pure cotton fabrics are classified according to weaving methods.
Can be divided into: knitted fabrics and woven fabrics. Knitted fabrics are made of one or more sets of coils that are intertwined with each other, while woven fabrics are fabrics with warp and weft yarns interlaced with each other. Pure cotton and pure cotton refer to the composition of fabrics. Knitted fabrics and woven fabrics woven using 100% cotton yarn as raw materials are pure cotton fabrics. Pure cotton fabrics are classified based on material. Pure cotton fabrics are different from cotton viscose fabrics, Tencel fabrics, modal fabrics, viscose fabrics, polyester fabrics, nylon fabrics, silk fabrics, polyester-cotton fabrics, elastic fabrics, etc.
Knitted cotton fabrics are classified into pure cotton jersey, pure cotton sweatshirt fabric, pure cotton double-sided fabric, pure cotton mercerized cotton, pure cotton air layer, pure cotton pique cloth, pure cotton jacquard fabric, etc. Some people also refer to stretch knitted cotton containing a small amount of spandex as pure cotton fabrics. Such fabrics include pure cotton stretch plain fabric, pure cotton stretch double-sided fabric, pure cotton stretch sweatshirt fabric, pure cotton stretch air layer, etc.
Cotton cloth is the general name for all types of cotton textiles. Our common cotton fabrics:
1) Pure cotton: As the name suggests, it is made entirely of cotton and has the characteristics of warmth retention, moisture absorption, heat resistance, alkali resistance, hygiene, etc. It is mostly used to make fashionable clothes, casual wear, underwear and shirts. Its advantages are easy to keep warm, soft and close-fitting, hygroscopic and breathable. Its disadvantages are that it is easy to shrink, wrinkle, and pill, and it is not very crisp and beautiful in appearance. It must be ironed frequently when wearing it.
2) Fine cotton: The correct term is “fine cotton”. Simply put, it means that it is better woven and processed, and it is pure cotton. This type of fabric can prevent pilling to the greatest extent.
3) Polyester-cotton is a blend, compared to pure cotton. It is a blend of polyester and cotton, which is easier to pill than “fine-spun cotton”. However, because of the polyester component, the fabric is relatively soft compared to pure cotton. It should be softer and less likely to wrinkle, but its hygroscopicity is worse than pure noodles.
4) Washed cotton: Washed cotton is made of cotton cloth. After special treatment, the surface tone and luster of the fabric are softer, the hand feel is softer, and the slight wrinkles reflect the feeling of old materials. This kind of clothing has the advantages of not being easily deformed, not fading, and does not require ironing. The surface of better washed cotton cloth also has a uniform layer of plush, which has a unique style.
5) Ice cotton: Ice cotton is thin, breathable and cool to resist summer. In layman’s terms, it means adding a coating to the cotton cloth. The color is mainly single tone, including white, military green, light pink, light brown, etc. Ice cotton has the characteristics of breathability and coolness. It feels smooth, soft and cool. It feels cool and has natural wrinkles on the surface, making it thin and not transparent when worn on the body. It is suitable for women to make dresses, cropped pants, shirts, etc. It has a unique style and is the best fabric for making summer clothes. Pure ice cotton will not shrink!
6) Lycra cotton: Lycra is added to cotton. Lycra (LYCRA) is a man-made elastic fiber that can be stretched freely 4 to 7 times, and quickly returns to its original length after external force is released. It cannot be used alone and can be interwoven with any other man-made or natural fibers. It does not change the appearance of the fabric and is an invisible fiber that greatly improves the performance of the fabric. Its extraordinary stretch and recovery properties enhance the color of any fabric. Clothes containing Lycra are not only comfortable and fit to wear, allowing you to move freely, but also have strong wrinkle recovery capabilities, making the clothes durable and not deformed.
7) Mesh cotton: Mesh cotton is also pure cotton, but its weaving method is different from ordinary ones. It is more sweat-absorbent and less likely to deform.
8) Mercerized cotton Mercerized cotton uses relatively high-grade cotton raw materials and undergoes a series of strict processing procedures. Its products can be said to be the best cotton. It not only retains the natural advantages of pure cotton, such as softness, comfort, moisture absorption and breathability, but also has many unique advantages: 1 , the strength of the yarn increases, and it is not easy to break; 2. The glossiness increases, and the brightness is like silk; 3. The dyeing performance is improved, the color is bright, and it is not easy to fade; 4. The depth of yarn breakage decreases with the increase of tension, that is, it is not easy to pull Long and varied.
- The difference between cotton, pure cotton, combed cotton and knitted cotton.
The difference between combed cotton and pure cotton
On the surface, there is no difference between the two types of cotton. The color is also white and looks soft and soft. Pure cotton and combed cotton are originally made of cotton, so is there any difference in workmanship? After the editor inquired in many ways, an employee of a clothing factory told me. The characteristics of combed cotton are already different from those of pure cotton in terms of technology.
The difference between combed cotton and pure cotton. In terms of technology, combed cotton will clean out excess impurities during the production process, making the woven items look smoother and high-end. Compared with pure cotton, combed cotton is less prone to fluffing and pilling. Pure cotton clothes are good, but for many people, although cotton is not easy to pill, it is easy to shrink and deform.
From the above, it can be seen that combed cotton fabrics are more comfortable and breathable than pure cotton fabrics. However, the difference between combed cotton and pure cotton must be paid more attention to the texture of pure cotton. Higher quality. The texture, washability, deformation and durability of combed cotton fabrics are much higher.
What is knitted cotton?
There are also many classifications of knitted cotton. Generally, knitted clothing fabrics on the market are divided into two types according to the production method. One is called longitude deviation and the other is called latitudinal deviation.
In terms of fabric, it is machine-woven cloth. Compared with other fabrics, knitted cotton has better elasticity, softer feel, and the fabric is also very breathable. There are also many patterns and varieties, they are easy to clean, and they are less likely to generate static electricity than sweaters.
The only disadvantage of knitted cotton is that the fabric dyes easily. Therefore, when cleaning, you must pay attention to washing it separately from other clothes that are easy to discolor. In addition, although knitted cotton has good elasticity, it is also easy to deform, so you should also pay attention to its maintenance in daily life.
- Artificial cotton fabrics and pure cotton
1) Finish: artificial cotton cloth has a smooth surface with very few yarn defects, no impurities, and is fine and smooth; while cotton shells, impurities, etc. can be seen on the surface of cotton cloth, and its smoothness is not as good as that of artificial cotton cloth.
2) Yarn count uniformity: The yarn count of artificial cotton cloth is even and there are few yarn defects; while the yarn count of pure cotton cloth is not as uniform as that of artificial cotton, especially for medium-coarse cloth.
3) Feel: Whether artificial cotton fabric is thick or thin, most of them have a soft hand feel, while cotton fabric has a slightly rough feel.
4) Color: Artificial cotton has good luster and color. Compared with cotton, artificial cotton is more bright and beautiful. 5. Wrinkle resistance: Artificial cotton cloth wrinkles easily. When you hold a handful of cloth with your hands and spread it out, many wrinkles will appear and it is not easy to recover in time. Although cotton cloth wrinkles, it is lighter than artificial cotton.
6) Drapability: Rayon has better drape, while cotton has less drape than rayon.
7) Strength: The strength of artificial cotton is lower and not as good as cotton. Especially in a humid environment, rayon has poor fastness. When compared with drawing and stretching from the edge of the cloth, rayon is easier to break than cotton. Therefore, the texture of artificial cotton is mostly thick and not as light and thin as pure cotton and linen.